Which series of mechanical waves propagates along the interface between water and air influenced primarily by gravity?

The series of mechanical waves that primarily propagate along the interface between water and air and are influenced significantly by gravity are known as surface waves. These waves occur due to the gravitational pull acting on the water surface, creating oscillations at the water-air boundary. Surface waves can be clearly seen in oceans and lakes as they manifest as ripples or larger wave formations caused by various factors, including wind and gravitational forces from the moon and sun, which leads to the phenomenon of tides.

While swells and wind seas are also types of waves generated by wind and can be influenced by gravity, they do not exclusively propagate along the interface. Seiches are standing waves that occur in enclosed bodies of water and are influenced by changes in atmospheric pressure and seismic activity rather than solely by gravity. Therefore, surface waves are the best fit for this question as they specifically relate to the interaction at the water-air interface under the influence of gravity.