Which of the following forces is associated with objects at rest?

The force associated with objects at rest is static force. Static force arises when an object is in equilibrium and not in motion, meaning the net force acting on it is zero. This force is crucial in understanding how structures and materials behave under load when they are not moving. For example, a building remains stable due to the static forces that counteract the weight of the structure and any other applied loads, such as wind or seismic forces.

Unlike kinetic forces, which relate to objects in motion, or dynamic forces that involve moving systems and changing conditions, static forces specifically apply to stationary situations. Impact forces come into play during collisions or abrupt changes in motion, making them irrelevant when discussing objects at rest. Therefore, recognizing that static forces maintain equilibrium is essential in civil engineering for designing safe and stable structures.