What type of cracking can be caused by poorly constructed joints and shrinkage of the surface?

The type of cracking caused by poorly constructed joints and shrinkage of the surface is longitudinal cracking. This type of cracking typically occurs along the length of the pavement or structural element, often aligning with existing joints. When joints are not properly constructed, they may fail to accommodate the natural movements and shrinkage that occur due to temperature changes or moisture loss. As the material shrinks, the stress concentrations can lead to cracks forming parallel to the direction of the joint.

Longitudinal cracking is particularly common in asphalt pavements where insufficient joint construction or inadequate sealing can contribute to water infiltration and further exacerbate the deterioration of the joint area, leading to more severe cracking. Other types of cracking, such as block cracking, alligator cracking, and transverse cracking, are associated with different mechanisms and causes, which do not directly relate to the failure of joints in a similar manner as longitudinal cracking. For instance, block cracking is generally associated with thermal variations and a lack of flexibility in the surface, while alligator cracking is linked to fatigue due to repeated loading. Transverse cracking is related more to temperature stresses rather than joint construction issues.