What is the ratio of the weight of water to the weight of solid particles called?

The correct term used to describe the ratio of the weight of water to the weight of solid particles in a soil sample is known as the water content. This is a vital parameter in geotechnical engineering and soil mechanics, as it influences the strength, compressibility, and overall behavior of soil. Water content is calculated as the weight of water divided by the weight of solid particles, often expressed as a percentage.

In contrast, specific gravity refers to the ratio of the weight of a substance (solids in this case) to the weight of an equal volume of water and is related to the density of materials. The void ratio indicates the volume of voids (spaces filled by air or water) to the volume of solid particles, and it does not specifically relate to weight ratios. Degree of saturation describes the ratio of the volume of water to the volume of voids in the soil. Each of these terms plays a different role in understanding soil properties but does not define the specific weight relationship that water content does.